Lung cysts

In the initial stages, cysts may not show any external symptoms and may not bother a person for a long time. Cysts can be detected through regular routine preventive examinations or already in the late stages against the background of developing symptoms.

Classification of lung cysts

• due to appearance – congenital or acquired;
• the size and location of the lung – single or multiple lung cysts; small, affecting part of the lung or both lungs at once;
• the contents of the cavity are filled with air or liquid.

In addition, cysts are classified according to the presence or absence of complications, which is crucial when planning an operation.

Causes of lung cysts

Due to the appearance of cysts, they are divided into congenital ones – they form in the embryonic period, and acquired ones – they form during human life for various reasons.

Acquired cysts often form against the background of certain diseases, as a result of cured or untreated diseases, for example: tuberculosis, bronchiectasis (bronchial enlargement), emphysema, etc.

Symptoms and signs of lung cysts

In most cases, cysts do not appear in any way and are detected only when performing diagnostic tests, such as fluorography and X-rays of the lungs.

In the early stages, the cyst develops almost asymptomatically. The first signs of the disease appear only with the growth of the cyst. The main symptoms include coughing, pain and tightness in the chest, as well as a general deterioration in well-being. Children may also experience respiratory distress.

Concomitant symptoms include fever, loss of appetite, nausea, and increased sweating.

If the disease is not detected in time, then the consequence of a lung cyst is its rupture. In these cases, the patient is shown immediate surgical intervention.

Diagnosis of lung cyst in EMC

Diagnosis of lung cysts includes X-ray examination performed in two projections. In some cases, it is also necessary to perform computed tomography with intravenous contrast, which allows the patient to confirm the presence of a cyst, rather than another neoplasm or tumor.

Often, with differential diagnosis between a tumor and a cyst, it becomes necessary to resort to PET-CT: the lack of accumulation of radiopharmaceuticals during PET-CT may indicate a benign cyst genesis and is necessary to clarify the diagnosis.

At EMC, you can perform all the necessary types of diagnostic procedures in one clinic, which significantly saves the patient's time and allows you to make a diagnosis in the shortest possible time.

Treatment of lung cyst in EMC

If a patient is diagnosed with a lung cyst, surgical removal is indicated in all cases. A temporary contraindication to surgical treatment is a complicated condition, primarily a cyst breakthrough into the pleural cavity. In this case, it is necessary to first stop the inflammatory syndrome and stabilize the patient's condition, and only then perform a planned operation.

A distinctive feature of surgical treatment at EMC is the minimally invasive method of surgery: with minimal injury to the patient, it is possible to accelerate the subsequent rehabilitation of the patient and return him to physical activity in the shortest possible time.

The amount of surgery depends on the size and location of the cyst, which distinguishes between cysts of the right lung and cysts of the left lung. If the size of the cyst occupies an entire lobe of the lung, a lobectomy is performed. In extreme cases, the patient is shown a pneumectomy – removal of the entire lung affected by cysts. Comprehensive preliminary diagnosis under the supervision of experienced specialists always allows you to predict the scope of surgical intervention.

Treatment of lung cysts in Moscow is carried out at EMC on the basis of a multifunctional round-the-clock hospital. Usually, hospitalization takes no more than a week, and thanks to the minimally invasive method of surgery, physical activity returns to the patient the very next day. In addition, this method allows you to achieve a good cosmetic effect and prevent a scar through half of the chest.

Planned and operative operations to remove lung cysts at the European Medical Center are performed by a doctor Tarabrin Evgeny - thoracic surgeon, chief freelance specialist thoracic surgeon of Moscow, PhD