Facet joint syndrome, or facet syndrome, is a joint disease that manifests itself as spondyloarthritis. Spondyloarthritis, in turn, is a special case of osteoarthritis, which is based on damage to all parts of the joint: cartilage, subchondral bone, ligaments, capsule and periarticular muscles. Facet syndrome is caused by injury to the ligaments holding the facet joints together.
Facet syndrome is most typical for elderly patients, although deformational changes in joints can begin at the age of 25-30 years against the background of congenital spinal anomalies, vertebral hypermobility, and injuries.
The clinical manifestations of facet syndrome are limited mobility and pain. The pain is difficult to localize, it sometimes spreads to the knee area. Faceted pain is often cramping in nature and can be aggravated by prolonged standing or physical exertion. Neurological, motor, and reflex disorders are usually not observed in facet syndrome.
The diagnosis of facet joint syndrome is based on medical history and medical examination, and the final diagnosis is made after paraarticular blockage with a local anesthetic of a suspicious intervertebral joint.
Complex conservative treatment of the disease consists in the blockade of facets. The most effective method of treating the syndrome is radiofrequency denervation: under the influence of electromagnetic radiation directed into the immediate vicinity of the problem joint, pathological processes stop and eliminate.
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