Unfortunately, in recent years, oncological diseases are increasingly being diagnosed in young women, including those who have not yet managed to realize their reproductive function. In such cases, an oncologist often has to face a dilemma: what treatment to recommend in order to preserve reproductive function without reducing the chances of recovery.
When talking about organ-preserving treatment in oncogynecology, we are usually talking about knife conization of the cervix, radical trachelectomy, surgical treatment of borderline ovarian tumors and the earliest stages of malignant ovarian tumors, as well as preservation of the uterus in the presence of precancerous processes in it. Each of these operations, in the absence of contraindications, can be performed by an oncogynecologist at the Clinic.
What is knife conization of the cervix?
Knife conization of the cervix is an operation to remove a piece of the cervix (conical shape) that contains precancerous changes or the earliest cancerous changes (microinvasive cancer). With complete removal and subsequent careful monitoring by an oncogynecologist for several years, it is possible to preserve the cervix and uterus. The frequency of pregnancies in women after knife conization practically does not differ from the frequency in healthy women.
What is radical trachelectomy?
Radical trachelectomy is an operation performed for early-stage cervical cancer, which removes most of the cervix with surrounding tissues and lymph nodes, and the uterus is sewn to the vagina, ovaries, and fallopian tubes they are also saved. Until recently, all women with this disease were advised to have surgery to remove the entire uterus with the cervix (and in many cases with the ovaries and tubes), without leaving the woman with the opportunity to become pregnant and have a baby. With the introduction of radical trachelectomy, more than 150 women in the world have become mothers and have completely recovered from a disease that used to be a verdict.
There are certain contraindications to this operation, which can only be determined by a face-to-face examination by our oncogynecologist surgeon, who has already had several pregnancies that ended with the birth of healthy children after such operations.
What are borderline ovarian tumors and what organ-preserving treatment is possible and safe for these pathologies?
As the name implies, borderline ovarian tumors are a cross between benign and malignant ovarian tumors. They occur more often in younger women (25-45 years old) and require surgical treatment. In most cases, chemotherapy is not effective. However, the danger of these tumors lies in their frequent recurrence, requiring repeated operations. The percentage of cure for this type of ovarian neoplasm is quite high, but operations and postoperative follow-up should be performed only by an oncogynecologist.
Due to the young age, the need to preserve the opposite ovary and uterus is usually more than high, but the safety assessment of such organ-preserving treatment should be carried out only by an experienced oncogynecologist. In most cases, it is possible to preserve one of the ovaries and uterus after removing the ovary affected by the tumor and performing biopsies of the omentum and peritoneum.
Our specialists help women with
borderline ovarian formations to carry out the most accurate preoperative diagnosis, in a large number of cases they perform laparoscopic surgery and independently carry out postoperative follow-up of patients.
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